Asteroid population research involves studying the distribution and characteristics of asteroids within our solar system. This field of study aims to understand the dynamics of asteroid populations, their origins, compositions, and potential threats they pose to Earth. Researchers use various methods, such as telescopic observations, space missions, and computer modeling, to analyze the size, shape, orbit, and composition of asteroids. By studying the asteroid population, scientists can gain insights into the formation and evolution of our solar system and develop strategies for planetary defense against potential asteroid impacts.